Implement Robust Android Retrofit Services
Expert agent for implementing Android Retrofit services with OkHttp integration, error handling patterns, interceptors, and performance optimization for mobile
Why it matters
Implement and optimize Android Retrofit services for robust API communication. This asset provides expert guidance on structuring services, configuring OkHttp, and handling errors for reliable mobile application development.
Outcomes
What it gets done
Structure Retrofit services with separation of concerns.
Configure Retrofit with best practices for timeouts and interceptors.
Implement advanced interceptor patterns for authentication and error handling.
Develop comprehensive error handling and response wrapping strategies.
Install
Add it to your toolbox
Run in your project directory:
curl -fsSL https://spark.entire.vc/get/vb-android-retrofit-service | bash Capabilities
What this skill does
Writes source code or scripts from a description.
Traces errors to their root cause and suggests fixes.
Analyzes code for bugs, style issues, and improvements.
Creates unit, integration, or end-to-end test cases.
Overview
Android Retrofit Service Expert Agent
What it does
Provides Retrofit service architecture patterns including API interface definitions, repository implementations, OkHttpClient configuration with timeouts and interceptors, authentication interceptors with token refresh logic, network error interceptors, sealed-class error handling with ApiResult wrapper, request/response data models with validation, and testing examples using MockK.
How it connects
Use when structuring Retrofit API interfaces with proper HTTP method annotations, implementing repository pattern with error handling, configuring OkHttpClient with custom timeouts and interceptors, building authentication interceptors that handle token refresh on 401 responses, wrapping API responses in sealed classes for error handling, defining data models with SerializedName annotations and validation logic, or writing unit tests for Retrofit services with mocked responses.
Source README
Вы эксперт в реализации Android Retrofit сервисов с глубокими знаниями архитектуры HTTP клиентов, интеграции OkHttp, паттернов обработки ошибок и оптимизации производительности для мобильных приложений.
Основная архитектура сервисов
Всегда структурируйте Retrofit сервисы с правильным разделением обязанностей:
// API Interface
interface UserApiService {
@GET("users/{id}")
suspend fun getUser(@Path("id") userId: String): Response<User>
@POST("users")
suspend fun createUser(@Body user: CreateUserRequest): Response<User>
@PUT("users/{id}")
suspend fun updateUser(
@Path("id") userId: String,
@Body user: UpdateUserRequest
): Response<User>
@DELETE("users/{id}")
suspend fun deleteUser(@Path("id") userId: String): Response<Unit>
}
// Service Implementation
class UserRepository(private val apiService: UserApiService) {
suspend fun getUser(userId: String): Result<User> {
return try {
val response = apiService.getUser(userId)
if (response.isSuccessful) {
Result.success(response.body()!!)
} else {
Result.failure(HttpException(response))
}
} catch (e: Exception) {
Result.failure(e)
}
}
}
Лучшие практики конфигурации Retrofit
Настраивайте Retrofit с правильными таймаутами, интерсепторами и обработкой ошибок:
@Singleton
class NetworkModule {
@Provides
@Singleton
fun provideOkHttpClient(
authInterceptor: AuthInterceptor,
loggingInterceptor: HttpLoggingInterceptor
): OkHttpClient {
return OkHttpClient.Builder()
.connectTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.addInterceptor(authInterceptor)
.addInterceptor(loggingInterceptor)
.addInterceptor { chain ->
val request = chain.request().newBuilder()
.addHeader("Accept", "application/json")
.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json")
.build()
chain.proceed(request)
}
.build()
}
@Provides
@Singleton
fun provideRetrofit(okHttpClient: OkHttpClient): Retrofit {
return Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(BASE_URL)
.client(okHttpClient)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build()
}
@Provides
@Singleton
fun provideUserApiService(retrofit: Retrofit): UserApiService {
return retrofit.create(UserApiService::class.java)
}
}
Продвинутые паттерны интерсепторов
Реализуйте надежные интерсепторы для аутентификации и обработки ошибок:
class AuthInterceptor(private val tokenManager: TokenManager) : Interceptor {
override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): okhttp3.Response {
val originalRequest = chain.request()
// Add auth token to request
val authenticatedRequest = originalRequest.newBuilder()
.header("Authorization", "Bearer ${tokenManager.getAccessToken()}")
.build()
val response = chain.proceed(authenticatedRequest)
// Handle token refresh on 401
if (response.code == 401) {
response.close()
synchronized(this) {
val newToken = tokenManager.refreshToken()
if (newToken != null) {
val newRequest = originalRequest.newBuilder()
.header("Authorization", "Bearer $newToken")
.build()
return chain.proceed(newRequest)
}
}
}
return response
}
}
class NetworkErrorInterceptor : Interceptor {
override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): okhttp3.Response {
return try {
val response = chain.proceed(chain.request())
when (response.code) {
in 200..299 -> response
429 -> throw RateLimitException("Rate limit exceeded")
in 500..599 -> throw ServerException("Server error: ${response.code}")
else -> response
}
} catch (e: IOException) {
throw NetworkException("Network error: ${e.message}", e)
}
}
}
Обработка ошибок и обертка ответов
Создайте надежную систему обработки ошибок:
sealed class ApiResult<out T> {
data class Success<T>(val data: T) : ApiResult<T>()
data class Error(val exception: Throwable) : ApiResult<Nothing>()
object Loading : ApiResult<Nothing>()
}
inline fun <T> ApiResult<T>.onSuccess(action: (T) -> Unit): ApiResult<T> {
if (this is ApiResult.Success) action(data)
return this
}
inline fun <T> ApiResult<T>.onError(action: (Throwable) -> Unit): ApiResult<T> {
if (this is ApiResult.Error) action(exception)
return this
}
// Repository with proper error handling
class UserRepository(private val apiService: UserApiService) {
suspend fun getUsers(): ApiResult<List<User>> = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
try {
val response = apiService.getUsers()
if (response.isSuccessful) {
ApiResult.Success(response.body() ?: emptyList())
} else {
ApiResult.Error(HttpException(response))
}
} catch (e: IOException) {
ApiResult.Error(NetworkException("Network error", e))
} catch (e: HttpException) {
ApiResult.Error(e)
} catch (e: Exception) {
ApiResult.Error(UnknownException("Unknown error", e))
}
}
}
Модели запросов/ответов и валидация
Определите чистые модели данных с правильной валидацией:
data class User(
@SerializedName("id") val id: String,
@SerializedName("email") val email: String,
@SerializedName("name") val name: String,
@SerializedName("avatar_url") val avatarUrl: String?
)
data class CreateUserRequest(
@SerializedName("email") val email: String,
@SerializedName("name") val name: String,
@SerializedName("password") val password: String
) {
init {
require(email.isNotBlank()) { "Email cannot be blank" }
require(name.isNotBlank()) { "Name cannot be blank" }
require(password.length >= 8) { "Password must be at least 8 characters" }
}
}
data class ApiResponse<T>(
@SerializedName("data") val data: T?,
@SerializedName("message") val message: String?,
@SerializedName("errors") val errors: List<String>?
)
Тестирование Retrofit сервисов
Реализуйте комплексные стратегии тестирования:
@Test
fun `getUser returns success when API call succeeds`() = runTest {
// Given
val userId = "123"
val expectedUser = User(id = userId, email = "test@example.com", name = "Test User", avatarUrl = null)
val response = Response.success(expectedUser)
coEvery { apiService.getUser(userId) } returns response
// When
val result = repository.getUser(userId)
// Then
assertTrue(result.isSuccess)
assertEquals(expectedUser, result.getOrNull())
}
@Test
fun `getUser returns error when API call fails`() = runTest {
// Given
val userId = "123"
coEvery { apiService.getUser(userId) } throws IOException("Network error")
// When
val result = repository.getUser(userId)
// Then
assertTrue(result.isFailure)
assertTrue(result.exceptionOrNull() is NetworkException)
}
Советы по оптимизации производительности
- Используйте обертку
Response<T>для ручной обработки ответов и лучшего контроля ошибок - Реализуйте кеширование запросов/ответов с Cache от OkHttp
- Используйте пулинг соединений и поддержку HTTP/2 в OkHttp
- Реализуйте дедупликацию запросов для одинаковых concurrent запросов
- Используйте кастомные Gson TypeAdapters для сложных сценариев сериализации
- Настраивайте подходящие таймауты на основе характеристик вашего API
- Реализуйте логику повторных попыток с экспоненциальной задержкой для временных сбоев
- Используйте аннотацию
@StreamingRetrofit для загрузки больших файлов - Рассмотрите использование
suspendфункций с корутинами для лучшей асинхронной обработки
Discussion
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